According to various estimates, more than 11 million people work in offices.To a greater or lesser extent, they lead that very sedentary way of life, the dangers of which doctors never tire of reminding them.And the more time a person spends at an office desk, the higher the risks to his health.At the same time, his career can go up.But what does career success mean if work consumes not only time and energy, but also health?Doctors are already talking about the real office syndrome - a whole complex of painful conditions from which most "office dwellers" suffer.And one of the main positions on this list is occupied by the most intimate office disease - hemorrhoids.
1. Hemorrhoids: causes
One of the most "known" proctological diseases are hemorrhoids, the causes of which can be divided into two main groups:
- A person's predisposition to this disease: a family history of hemorrhoids;connective tissue weakness caused by other diseases;bowel movements caused by certain diseases or conditions (eg pregnancy);obesity.
- So-called external risk factors: sedentary or mostly standing lifestyle;some sexual practices;acute lack of physical activity or, on the contrary, excessive stress for which the body is not physically ready.
2. Hemorrhoids in men - "a disease of bosses"
You can complain to a colleague about back pain, gastritis or a heart that "plays around", you can dream out loud about going to the gym, complaining about being overweight, but few people are willing to discuss the problems of hemorrhoids in the smoking room.
Most often, it is men who suffer from this disease (4 times more often than the fairer sex!) between the ages of 30 and 50.
The intimacy of the affected area is often in stark contrast to the superior status.It is not surprising that hemorrhoids in men are often called the "disease of bosses".
The causes of hemorrhoids in men include not only the behavior of management personnel.In our era of growing popularity of healthy lifestyles, middle-aged men often go to the gym to get in great physical shape, but they start exercising at their own peril and risk.Most beginners who want to gain beautiful muscles are in no hurry to contact a trainer - they are sure that they themselves will be able to understand the nuances of exercises.In practice, this results in incorrect execution.And as a result of excessive strain, an unprepared person can develop hemorrhoids, especially if he has a predisposition to this disease.
It should be said about another "male" risk factor: alcohol.Regular alcohol consumption leads to dilation of blood vessels, which increases blood flow to hemorrhoids.In addition, alcohol consumption leads to dehydration, which can lead to constipation.Intoxication with alcohol breakdown products in the body, fatty, salty and fried foods provoke inflammatory processes in the mucous membrane.All this together increases the possibility of developing hemorrhoids in men.
Finally, prostate diseases (prostatitis, prostate adenoma) also increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids in men.
3. Causes of the disease in women: hemorrhoids during pregnancy and other conditions
Women have their own increased risk factors for developing hemorrhoids and they are associated with some natural conditions of their body.Hemorrhoids during pregnancy are one of the most common complications of childbirth.Doctors talk about 80% of pregnant women who were diagnosed with hemorrhoids when they visited an antenatal clinic.This is facilitated by a woman's physiology.
Women have other causes of hemorrhoids, which are more common for them than for the stronger sex:
- Constipation caused by unhealthy diet and pathologies related to the gastrointestinal tract.
- Diseases of the "female" organs, for example, hemorrhoids, can be a complication of inflammation of the appendages.
- Anal sex, which often leads to mucosal damage and the formation of hemorrhoids.
- Too many periods can provoke excessive blood flow in the pelvic organs and, as a result, hemorrhoids even in young girls.
4. Forms of the disease: external and internal hemorrhoids
Doctors distinguish two types of diseases: external and internal hemorrhoids, the treatment of which will have certain differences:
- In the first case, the expansion of hemorrhoids develops, which are formed directly in the anus from the lower plexus of rectal veins.At the same time, there is pain in the anus, and bleeding is rare.Basically, hemorrhoids are located outside the rectum, so they come into contact with the insides, which can lead to inflammation and even the development of malignant tumors.External hemorrhoids occur only in 10% of cases.
- In the second case, the enlarged nodules remain in the submucosal layer of the intestine.In the initial stages of the disease, they are not visible.As the disease progresses, the nodes begin to fall out of the passage.Up to a certain point they can still be corrected, but in the later stages this requires surgery.This condition usually involves blood in the stool.Treatment of internal hemorrhoids is more difficult than external hemorrhoids.
Although everyone suffers from hemorrhoids, there are gender-related features in the development of this disease, its treatment and prevention.Let's look at the signs of hemorrhoids in women.
5. Hemorrhoids: symptoms in men and women
You should go to the doctor when the first suspicious symptoms appear (stage I of the disease), which include:
- itching, feeling of fullness, discomfort in the anus;
- a feeling of wetness around the anus, the appearance of discharge in the underwear;
- pain during a visit to the toilet and bleeding immediately after defecation (traces of blood on toilet paper or drops of blood).
If prolapsed hemorrhoids appear and spontaneously "turn back", then this is already stage II of the disease.Stage III is said to be when the nodules no longer disappear on their own, but they can still be "manually" located.Finally, stage IV may require surgery.
Symptoms of hemorrhoids in men can have certain characteristics.In representatives of the stronger sex, the disease often develops in an acute form against the background of various pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract.Often the acute form of the disease is the result of thrombosis of the hemorrhoidal node.Usually, a person suffers from acute pain, which intensifies when he exerts himself, coughs, laughs, and even when he moves.In the stool you can see red blood, that is, unchanged blood.Signs of hemorrhoids in women intensify before the start of menstruation and after the end they weaken.This is often a reason to postpone the visit to the doctor, although the problem does not go away, women's symptoms remain and the disease continues to progress.
6. How to treat hemorrhoids: general principles
Hemorrhoids are a disease in the treatment of which half of the success is the result of changing the patient's lifestyle.This disease can only be treated comprehensively.You can't do it with just pills, or just ointments, or just going to the gym.What key points should you pay attention to?
Food
Alcohol, spicy and very salty, fried foods contribute to increased hemorrhoidal bleeding.Therefore, all of the above should be completely excluded from the menu.Lack of fiber in the diet provokes constipation, which worsens the disease.That is, the choice of a patient with hemorrhoids is salads, fruits and other dishes rich in fiber.
Movement
A sedentary lifestyle is one of the main risk factors for the development of the disease.This means that the cure for hemorrhoids will be regular walks or runs, visits to the gym, swimming pool (in addition to strength training and cycling).During the day, you should get up every hour and a half and walk for 5-10 minutes - around the office, along the corridor, along the office stairs.
HyGiene
If we are talking about an acute form of hemorrhoids, you should take a fresh shower at least 2-3 times a day.After defecation, you must wash.If for some reason this cannot be done, you should use wet wipes.
7. How to choose a remedy for hemorrhoids with a high level of effectiveness?
The question "How to treat hemorrhoids in women?"This question is asked especially often by expectant mothers who face this problem during pregnancy, as well as by women who lead a sedentary lifestyle, are overweight and avoid physical activity.However, if such a question arises, it means that the situation is already beyond the control of the patient herself and she needs the help of a doctor.
First of all, you should not self-medicate.How to treat hemorrhoids in women will be advised by a specialist well-versed in the nuances of treating this pathology in the fair sex with their many risk factors.Treatment of internal hemorrhoids, as well as external ones, is often "complicated" in men.In their minds, the signs of hemorrhoids in men are not a disease that you can easily talk about with a stranger.As a result, a person's life turns into torture and the disease becomes chronic.Today, in most cases, there is no need to go to the hospital to treat hemorrhoids.The doctor will tell you in detail how to treat hemorrhoids at home in women and men.
A remedy for hemorrhoids must meet several key parameters:
- Ease of use.A patient who goes to work or other public places must be able to comply with the medication regimen.If in one case (pills for hemorrhoids) a glass of water is enough, then in another (suppositories and ointments) you need a toilet and time.
- Optimal security profile for use.The stronger the active substance, the higher the risk of side effects.When choosing therapy, the doctor tries to maintain a balance between the effectiveness and safety of the treatment.
- Help relieve symptoms in a short time.Hemorrhoids are a painful disease.Patients most often turn to the doctor when they can no longer cope with the problem themselves and have no more strength to endure the suffering.Therefore, drugs that help relieve symptoms in a short time are especially important.
8. Medicines for hemorrhoids with local and systemic action
Among the variety of remedies for hemorrhoids, there are local and systemic drugs.
Systemic drugs include venotonic drugs;for hemorrhoids, laxatives, pain relievers, injections of hemostatic agents (to stop bleeding), and anticoagulants that reduce the risk of blood clotting in hemorrhoids may also be used.
Local (topical) remedies include a variety of ointments or suppositories.The list of local remedies for the treatment of hemorrhoids includes ointments that can relieve spasm of blood vessels, reduce pain and inflammation, for example: preparations with sodium heparin, ointments with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, with glucocorticoids and others.Suppositories for hemorrhoids are also often used.
Most often, combined drug therapy is prescribed, combining local and systemic drugs.
9. Pills for hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoid tablets are one of the most convenient dosage forms.Patients find it easier to control the treatment process, they do not experience pain and discomfort while taking medications, they do not need to withdraw for therapy, and finally, the tablets have a systemic effect on the body.
They can be used in the initial stages of the disease, and in stages 3-4 - before surgery to remove nodes and in the postoperative period.Most often, taking tablets is combined with the use of local ointments or suppositories.
10. Prevention of hemorrhoids
When we talk about the prevention of hemorrhoids, we first of all mean an active lifestyle.Swimming, running, gym - any kind of physical activity is useful to reduce the risk of the disease returning.Even if you have a sedentary job, you should get up and walk for 5-10 minutes once an hour.
Diet is just as important as physical activity in preventing hemorrhoids.The intestines must work - strongly and actively.To do this, she needs fiber - dietary fiber of plant origin, that is, fruits and vegetables.It is important to understand that we are not talking about juices, but about whole fruits and vegetables.But it is better to control milk and flour products and avoid their excess in the menu.It is also necessary to reduce the amount of alcohol consumed, hot and spicy foods in the diet.Probiotics have a good effect on the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
It is also recommended to respect the so-called stool hygiene.This term refers to the observance of the stool regimen.To clean the skin after the process, it is better to use a bidet, toilet shower or wet wipes.Dry toilet paper is not always of good quality and can cause skin irritation.
So, talking about the prevention of hemorrhoids, we came to the triad "movement - hygiene - nutrition", which we have already talked about in the context of effective comprehensive treatment of hemorrhoids.And it is not surprising, because the health of our body relies on these "three pillars".And the best remedy for hemorrhoids in this context is a healthy lifestyle, a scheduled visit to the doctor and compliance with all his recommendations.